A client may wish to have artificial nails for a variety of reasons such as:

• My own nails are weak and will not grow to the length I desire.
• To have beautiful nails for a "special" occasion.
• To discourage nail biting or to allow their own nails to grow properly, after which the artificial nails will be removed.

There are several types of artificial nail, with each type having different characteristics or suitability for each client. The original acrylic was the same type of material as used by dentists. This product was modified and developed specifically for use in nail extensions. To lengthen the nail, one method is to temporarily attach a form to the underside of the natural nail so the acrylic can be formed over it. This is called 'sculpting' and when the acrylic is cured, the form is removed. Another method is to glue tip extensions onto the natural nail and apply the acrylic over them. The nails are filed to shape, buffed and a base polish is applied followed by either a clear-coat or colored enamel and then a 'quick dry' top coat. When properly applied and cared for, acrylic is hard and durable. It does, however, absorb water and can easily develop bacterial infection if not cared for. Generally, acrylic and fibreglass nails are the easiest to have removed by soaking in a dissolving chemical.

The advantage of fibreglass is that it is strong and waterproof making it suitable for clients who are rough on their hands. If you are having nail extensions, your nails are filed to match the shape of the extension tips which are then glued onto the natural nails. If you are simply having your own nails 'wrapped', they are first filed and shaped to your liking. A fibreglass woven mesh is laid over your nail (and extension tip, if fitted) and "wetted" with a thin resin. As the mesh soaks up the resin, it becomes transparent, leaving the nail-plate visible. Several coats of resin are applied to form a smooth top over the mesh. The nails are buffed and any minor shaping adjustments are made. A base polish is applied followed by either a clear-coat or colored enamel and then a 'quick dry' top coat.

Although acrylic-base, light-cured gel nails are preferred by some clients because, when properly done, they are thinner, lighter, and have a higher clarity, than acrylic nails. Some gels are more flexible than others, which can allow longer intervals between 'fills', but with all types, there is a slightly higher chance of allergic reaction to the gel chemicals than with other types. Application is similar to acrylic nails.

Regardless of the type of artificial nail applied, it will be necessary to periodically 'fill' the gap that forms between the artificial nail and the cuticle through natural nail growth. This will be done using the same resin or gel that was used for the original nail fitting, and in the case of fibreglass an additional layer will be added. The edge to filled will be 'feathered' to the natural nail and a thin coat of resin applied in the gap. A coat will then be applied over the entire nail and buffed to a smooth finish.